Volume 165 of Zoologica is a comprehensive study of the fairyfly genus Camptoptera Foerster in India and Sri Lanka. The species of Camptoptera are among the smallest known insects. Their taxonomy is mostly based on the mesosomal sculpture, which makes cleared slide mounts necessary for their correct identification. The authors of this volume present a rather simple and better slide mounting technique especially for the smaller chalcids to make the mounted specimens clearer and more visible. Based on a large collection of specimens from all over India and types of previously described taxa, a total of 26 different morphospecies were found to be present in both the countries out of which 11 species are described as new. These are C. alii Anwar & Zeya, sp. nov., C. anneckei Anwar & Zeya, sp. nov., C. bengalurensis Anwar & Zeya, sp. nov., C. fawnae Anwar & Zeya, sp. nov., C. huberi Anwar & Zeya, sp. nov., C. naseemi Anwar & Zeya, sp. nov., C. natalieae Anwar & Zeya, sp. nov., C. ogloblini Anwar & Zeya, sp. nov., C. scythe Anwar & Zeya, sp. nov., C. squama Anwar & Zeya, sp. nov. and C. usmanii Anwar & Zeya, sp. nov. Four species, C. fransciscae (Debauche), C. doptera Triapitsyn, C. okadomei Taguchi and C. papaveris Foerster, are recorded for the first time from India. However, identification of two species i.e. C. franciscae and C. okadomei is tentative. Two species Camptoptera muiri (Perkins) and C. sakaii Taguchi recorded from India were found to be misidentified and are now described as C. fawnae Anwar & Zeya, sp. nov. and C. ogloblini Anwar & Zeya, sp. nov., respectively. The other recorded species, C. dravida Subba Rao, from several Indian states were found to be incorrect and are now replaced by C. enocki (Howard). Male specimen are re-described for the previously described females of C. assamensis Rehmat & Anis, C. dravida Subba Rao, C. franciscae and C. matcheta Subba Rao. The male paratype of C. dravida is considered to belong to C. enocki (Howard), and the male paratype of C. matcheta is described to be an unidentified species of Eofoersteria Mathot. A key to females of 25 species from India and Sri Lanka is provided.